The Effects Of Adhd On Children s Overall Development

ADHD has an effect on the child’s overall development. It doesn’t impact them as much as some disorders do, but it does take effect. It has no effect on their language and as far as my research shows, it has little or no effect on their self-help skills either, however it does effect the cognitive, and fine motor domains. About half of all the children who have ADHD also have a learning disability. â€Å"Among the children who did not have a learning disability, children with ADHD had more learning problems than children without ADHD, indicating that children with ADHD had some difficulty with learning even though they did not meet the criteria for LD.† (Learning disabilities and ADHD: Overlapping spectrum disorders. Journal of Learning Disabilities) â€Å"Material and methods: Cognitive test data were analyzed for 10- to 11-year-old children with (1) ADHD, (2) sub threshold ADHD and (3) milder attention and/or learning problems, and compared with normative data. Results: Thirty-two had ADHD and 10 met the criteria for sub threshold ADHD, prevalence rates of 5.4% and 1.6%, respectively. On a group level, children with ADHD/sub threshold ADHD, and those with milder attention and/or learning problems had almost identical cognitive profiles for the 13 subtests comprising the WISC III, with particularly low results on the arithmetic, coding, information and digit span subtests (ACID profile).† It isn’t always a fact that they will be behind in school. ADHD isn’t the same for every childShow MoreRelatedChen, Y., Wen, F., Zhou, K., Yang, C., Zhang, W., Li,1602 Words   |  7 Pagesof attention deficit hyperactivity disorders in children]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics , 12(9), 704-708. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.fiu.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.fiu.edu/docview/755193811?accountid=10901 This article was a research done by professional scientists who wanted to study the features of various subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) in children. The purpose of this article is to gather moreRead MoreCentral Nervous System Stimulant: Ritalin Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesHyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Another known use of Ritalin is in the treatment of Narcolepsy. A doctor might also prescribe it to treat depression. Ritalin and other drugs in the stimulant class, work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin in the brain. Ritalin has been tested and proven safe to use in children ages six and older. The most popular use of Ritalin is in the treatment of Attention-deficient Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which can affect children as well as adultsRead MoreHow Students With Adhd Affects The Classroom Community And / Or Learning Environment1401 Words   |  6 Pages Numerous studies have been conducted regarding students who are diagnosed with ADHD. There is a vast assortment of different topics that can be tied into the study of students with ADHD. Sà ¡nchez-Pà ©rez and Gonzà ¡lez-Salinas (2013) state how children who are diagnosed with ADHD will face challenges both socially and academically that can affect the classroom community and/or learning environment. One could desire to learn more about this topic since this condition is very common amongst elementaryRead MoreAdhd and Piagets Theories983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? ADHD is a behavioral disorder that is neurodevelopmental in origin—meaning it is caused by a biologi cal problem with the brain functions that control emotions and learning (Low Birthweight in Newborns). Symptoms of this disorder range from mild to severe, and not all children will have the same symptoms. Although no main source is known to cause this disorder, doctors and researchers believe that ADHD symptoms are linked to neurodevelopmental problemsRead MoreADHD And Odd Case Study893 Words   |  4 PagesThe main focus of the field placement was on student behaviour in the classroom and how students with disabilities may cause distractions to the class for several reasons. Evidently, the relationship between ADHD and ODD contribute to a student’s inability to be on-task and demonstrate antisocial behaviour (Matthys and Lochman, 2017, p.3; Hamilton and Armando, p.864). The implications of ODD on the student’s education are significant due to the student’s reaction to positive behavioural managementRead MoreEffects Of Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disord er916 Words   |  4 PagesAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder showing a persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with the individual’s development or daily functioning (Fostick, 2017). Its symptoms manifest in behaviors such as failure to pay close attention to details, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, excessive talking and fidgeting, or an inability to remain seated in appropriate situations (Fostick, 2017). The cause and effects, facts and figures associatedRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1462 Words   |  6 PagesADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a predominant childhood disorder that can continue through adolescence and adulthood. There are three classes hyperactive-impulsive, inattentive, and combined. ADHD is typically shown with being inattentive, hyperactive, and impulsive. By 2011 there were 11% of school-aged children with a history of a diagnosis of ADHD (CDC, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to discuss ADHD in a whole, from whenRead MoreRitalin and Aderall1599 Words   |  7 Pagesi. Diagnosis of ADHD ADHD is a condition which affects multiple areas of functioning. Because of the widespread diagnosis this disease keeps doctors, pharmaceutical businesses, and teachers employed. According to Diller (2008), the use of drugs like Ritalin is at rates never seen before in this country or anywhere else. Diller also states that â€Å"we medicate our children with psychiatric drugs ten or twenty times more than countries of Western Europe (pg50).† Many children are said to be made unhappyRead MoreReading Comprehension And The Key Pillars Of Reading Instruction1609 Words   |  7 Pagesvital to the ability to read I’ve witnessed many children able to read efficiently and fluently, but not able to explain what they just read. Those children did not suffer from ADHD, and if some of them struggled with comprehension it makes you assume that kids with diagnosed ADHD will most likely have an even harder time. According to Kaprea Johnson, â€Å"The ability to read and comprehend i s a major milestone in a child’s life and has long standing effects throughout the lifespan† (Johnson, 2013, p. 98)Read MoreAdhd And Its Effects On Children Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pagesdiagnosed with ADHD, 60 million children and adults in the U.S. who struggle with learning and attention issues as reported by the National Center of Learning Disabilities. Approximately 5% of school-aged children and adolescents are highly affected. Currently, medication seems to be the first line of treatment for ADHD and there are many side effects that go along with that because it is a stimulant medication. Stimulant medicines do not help with all behaviors and signs of ADHD. ADHD is the most common

Critical Thinking Reflection - 686 Words

Reflection Upon Critical Thinking Critical thinking has several formal definitions, yet it is a skill that must be practiced and should function on the practical, everyday level. Critical thinking is a skill set that involves approaching a subject or a question with vigor, curiosity, awareness, and an open mind. Critical thinking in a way, is a kind of thinking that demands that we think about thinking. That is to say, critical thinking includes that the thinker generates and sustains awareness of the ways in which he/she thinks. Critical thinking wants people to not only refine the way they reach a decision or come to a conclusion, but also to understand how aspects of our character and environment influence our methods of thinking as well. While there are many things I discovered regarding critical thinking, there are three things that stand out specifically for me. First of all, critical thinking is not easy. I consider myself a critical thinker and over the course I expanded my concepts of critical thinking as well as improve my overall critical thinking skills. Critical thinking, whether considering a newcomer or an old hand, is not an easy or simple task. Critical thinking requires effort and during the process one may even become stuck. That is all right, though, because the results from the effort of critical thinking are worth the work. Another thing that I learned that good critical thinking should include taking the side of ones opposition at some point.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Critical Thinking/Reflection1393 Words   |  6 PagesAssessing both critical thinking and the reflection process in learning, these aspects are both intertwined. Without one, you cannot have the other. With the use of critical thinking and reflection this thought process allows us to analyse, assess, evaluate, learn and develop arguments. However this can have a twofold affect in the learning process. The learning process means taking many aspects and perspectives into account to establish an argument. Critical thinking draws on questions such as:Read MoreCritical Thinking Reflection Essay579 Words   |  3 PagesCritical thinking is a significant and essential topic in recent education. The strategy of critical thinking skills helps identify areas in ones courses as the suitable place to highlight, expand and use some problems in exams that test students critical thinking skills. Critical thinking means accurate thinking in the search of appropriate and dependable knowledge about the world. Another way to describe it is sensible, insightful, responsible, and skillful thinking that is focusedRead MoreReflection Paper On Critical Thinking1104 Words   |  5 Pagesthis. I tend to write just from my perspective and if I don’t know a topic or understand an audience very well then, I just write surface type things and can’t really empathize with whatever I am writing. critical thinking, reading, and writing In a different class, I learned about critical thinking in a different way and how to improve it. It’s all about questioning things. There are three strategies: First, ask how a person knows what they claim to know. Think about the process on uses and not theRead MoreWeek5 Critical Thinking Reflection Essay677 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Select one of the following questions and answer it in 200 to 300 words using the principles of critical thinking you learned in this course. How can we reduce poverty in the United States? Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities? Has the United States peaked as a world power?   Will receiving a college degree improve your career opportunities? Once I choice this question immediately my enculturation barrier surfaced, because as soon as I read the question I said to myselfRead MoreCritical Thinking Reflection Paper1895 Words   |  8 Pagesphrase ‘critical thinking’ very loosely. Textbooks typically use this term to label discussion questions, but, in my experience, teachers have never used this as an opportunity to encourage real critical thinking. In fact, before I joined this class, I had gone through eleven years of schooling without ever being told what those two little words mean. I always assumed that I had good critical thinking skills, just because I’m smart. After less than a month in this class, I realize that critical thinkingRead MoreCritical Thinking Reflection Paper1792 Words   |  8 Pagesbeneficial to engage in professional development that analyzes my ability to interact with my students and my strategies to create lessons that promote critical thinking, engagement and motivation. All of these are crucial points of an effective lesson. My teaching behaviors, both verbal and nonverbal, are important to analyze since they play a critical role in my lessons. Although using the SATIC sheet to evaluate my teaching behaviors is tedious and difficult, it opens a brand new lens to my teachingRead MoreReflection Journal On Critical Thinking For Nurses1181 Words   |  5 PagesReflection Journal on Critical Thinking for Nurses Critical thinking is defined as a disciplined, self directed thinking that meets appropriate intellectual standards within a particular mode or domain of thinking (Paul and Elder, 2014). In Nursing, the possession of this important skill helps a nurse to assess a given situation, identify the main problem, determine a perfect solution and implement an effective method of dealing with the problem. In this essay, I will share my experience whenRead MoreCritical Thinking Self Reflection. The Human Thought Process1292 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Thinking Self Reflection The human thought process is one that most people repeat dozens if not hundreds of times an hour. Many people don’t contemplate how this process works, they just process one thought after another to make decisions, solve problems, or process a fond memory. Examining and strengthening the thought process improves decision making abilities which enables a person to make better, more informed choices. This essay will analyze where I personally am in my development asRead MoreSteps Of Critical Thinking : Identification, Decision Making, Evaluation, And Reflection1305 Words   |  6 Pages, if not most, have heard of the phrase â€Å"use your critical thinking skills† but probably never truly understood what that meant and what it entails. There are seven steps that are used in critical thinking: Identification, research, analysis, application, decision making, evaluation, and reflection. The first step in the critical thinking process is identification which means exactly what the first steps is: identifying the problem or issue. The second step is research which is researching what the

Managing Change and Innovation in Public Service Organizations

Question: Describe about the Managing change and innovation in public service organizations. Answer: Introduction Organizational development is a procedure of continuous diagnosis and action planning with the aim of transferring knowledge and skills to organizations. This is mainly done to improve the problem solving capacity that in turn manages future changes. The study of successful organizational change and performance is termed organization development. Organization development was introduced in the year 1930 from the human relation studies (Cummings Worley, 2014). The organization development is a body of knowledge and practice that develops the performance in an organization by raising the position among the various systems within the overall system. The organization development wants the practitioners to be aware about the values that guide their practice (Burke Noumair, 2015). The organizational climate has a huge impact on the organizational development. The attitudes and the mood of the employees determine the organizational climate. The motivation and the productivity of the employees are considerably affected by the organizational climate. Another important aspect of the organizational development is organizational culture that deals with the values as well as the behavior of the workers. In order to bring development to the organization, it is important for the organization to become family-oriented and supportive (Schneider et al., 2013). The organization development is the most important tool to help to manage and plan the growth of the organization. The organization development helps to identify the areas of the organization where change is required. When a firm is involved in the organization development, it helps to examine the work procedures that will bring efficiency and accuracy. The organization development helps to put quality control measures in place. The organization development also leads to the innovation of the product. It helps to analyze every element of the product development. The organization development is a policy change that leads to the development of the organization. The organization development leads to the complete change in the organization (Henderson Boje, 2015). The efforts of the organization development mainly focus on the elevation of an organization to a higher level. The organization development is a dynamic procedure that recognizes the changes in the organizational objectives. The approaches of the organization development results in an active involvement in the ongoing activities of the organization. The change management of the organization development typically comprises of the group as well as the individuals that includes the executives and the employees. The organization development is more often a practical measure to adapt to the industry changes. The organization development is all about being strategic and vigorous when it comes to the placement of the various elements of the organization. The organizational development helps to manage change in the organization. The managing of the organizational change is the procedure of planning and implementing the changes in the organization. The change in the organization is mainly done to minimize the resistance of the employees as well as the cost to the organization. In order to remain competitive, it is very important for the companies to undergo changes. The organization development helps to place emphasis on humanistic values and objectives. The organization development is important for the individuals as it helps them to deal with a complex set of needs that is important in their life. It helps to increase the level of trust as well as helps in building the mutual emotional support among the organizational members. The organization development leads to meet certain goals in the organization because organization development is a means and not an end in itself. The organization development program helps to identify the problems in an organization. The development of the correct structure of the organization helps to support the business plan. The business plan helps to lead to the improvement in the practical responsibility as well as the performance of the business (Burnes Cooke, 2012). Managing change in an organization leads to the prevailing of those systems that refers to the planned program activities during the course of an organization development program. The organization development involves understanding of the culture of the company. This in turn helps to identify the opportunities and the strengths of the organization. It also helps to minimize the weakness of the organization (Carnall By, 2014). The organization development is concerned with the managing of the planned change. The organization development involves the planning that helps to diagnose and solve the organizational issues. The organization is oriented to improve the effectiveness of the organization. The organizational development is quite different from that of the change management. However, both the organization development and the change management help in the effective implementation of the planned change (Marshak Bushe, 2013). The organization development is concerned with the managing change in such a way that knowledge and abilities are transferred to build the capability of the organization to achieve goals and solve problems (Bushe Marshak, 2014). Conclusion It can be concluded that the procedure of the organization development is commenced when there is a need, gap, or disappointment within the business, either at the upper management level or within the employee body. The organization development process involves the organization in its entirety, with confirmed support from upper management. The organization development mainly puts importance on the data innate in the organization-worker relationship. References Brown, K., Osborne, S. P. (2012).Managing change and innovation in public service organizations. Routledge. Burke, W. W., Noumair, D. A. (2015).Organization development: A process of learning and changing. FT Press. Burnes, B., Cooke, B. (2012). Review article: The past, present and future of organization development: Taking the long view.Human Relations,65(11), 1395-1429. Bushe, G. R., Marshak, R. J. (2014). Dialogic organization development. The NTL handbook of organization development and change, 193-211. Carnall, C., By, R. T. (2014).Managing Change in Organizations 6th edn. Pearson Higher Ed. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Henderson, T., Boje, D. M. (2015).Organizational Development and Change Theory: Managing Fractal Organizing Processes(Vol. 11). Routledge. Marshak, R. J., Bushe, G. R. (2013). An introduction to advances in dialogic organization development.OD Practitioner,45(1), 1-4. Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture.Annual review of psychology,64, 361-388.

Ptang, yang, kipperbang Essay Example

Ptang, yang, kipperbang Paper Ptang, yang, kipperbang is a play written for television which focuses around the life of a teenage boy, named Alan Duckworth. Set after the war, the play gives the viewer or reader a well documented insight into teenage life at this point in time. The main character, Alan is not only a keen cricket fan like most boys his age, but has developed an infatuation for an attractive girl in his school. Although at first glance Alan seems to be like any other teenager, beneath this image is a boy who is healthily in touch with his feminine side. This leads to a play which not only adopts a successful comedy routine between Alan and his friends, but in the end, turns Alan into the unlikely hero of the play. The writer of the play, Jack Rosenthal ensures Ptang, yang, kipperbang sets itself from the crowd. He achieves this by using a certain dramatic device, which can only be labelled as genius. Rosenthal employs John Arlott, a famous sports commentator to provide play-by-play of the test cricket match, England against Australia to coincide with the events in Alans life. Its this commentary along with Rosenthals thought and preparation into the characters, which makes Ptang, yang, kipperbang such a joy to read and even more so to watch. The stage directions can not be ignored when reading the play, but naturally they go without acknowledgement. When watching the play, however they obtain a high degree of importance throughout the production, from Alans jerk in pain when he receives his punishment from the headmaster to Anns kiss on the cheek towards the end of the play, they all serve a purpose, some more than others. We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ptang, yang, kipperbang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Its these stage directions which highlight the fact that Ptang, yang, kipperbang is in fact a play written for television and not for the stage. For one, the majority of the stage directions required for the play to be acted out to full effect demands a physically larger area than a stage. For example, Alans daily chores for his father, which were in fact an excuse for Alan to indulge himself in Anns presence. The scenarios used in the play also demonstrate that the play was written for television. This is evident in that there are so many scenarios in the play, I dont know where to start. From the school grounds where Alan talks to the caretaker, Tommy about cricket and life in general, to Anns house where as soon as Alans love object is out of view, he U-turns to arrive home. Upon review of the play, my favourite scene was undecided. There were so many that stuck out in my mind as memorable, such as the cross country P. E lesson, a classic example of the chemistry between Alan and his friends along with their comical antics. Alan is shocked and insulted when he discovers prostitutes refuse to kiss; (stops dead) They wont kiss? His friends reply by crudely remarking that its a price theyre willing to pay to employ a prostitute. Another scene which I find to be one of my favourites is one of the many Tommy and Miss Land conversations, the particular one I have in mind however is that of when Tommy is enlightened by Miss Land that she had a relationship with an American during the war. Miss Lands addition of virtually to the end of every sentence, along with Tommys irony makes the scene an asset to the play; One! One American! Virtually.. Old men and Yanks! Bloody old two-faced fogeys and randy Yanks! While me and my oppos are spilling blood and guts all over Africa and France and the sodding Rhineland! Both Tommy and Miss Land are lying to themselves in this scene. Miss Lands self deceit is visually obvious as her virtually spree suggests. Later in the play, Tommys claims of fighting valiantly in the war turn out to be false, he mentions in spite of Miss Land that he was fighting for Queen and country whilst she meddled with old men and foreigners. These two scenes, however entertaining, come in at a close fourth and third in my opinion. One of the two scenes that I have decided are joint for first place is Alans scene with the Headmaster, the comments between thrashes and the Headmasters demeanour throughout is what makes this scene primarily so entertaining. Alans physical response to his punishment, him avoiding contact with a seat for some time after, also adds to the value of this scene. I think Jack Rosenthal achieves such a level of humour from a place with the opposite emotional atmosphere (being the dreaded Headmasters office) by using this feeling of dread to his advantage. Instead of portraying the Headmaster as a stern and cold man, he shows that not only has he the strictness to be a Headmaster, but the unique blend of a sense of humour as well. Its this combination that makes the scene such joy to read. The other scene that makes up my personal top spot double is yet another example of the rib-tickling chemistry between Alan and his friends which explained earlier, is just one of several wild-cards Rosenthal uses to make Ptang, yang, kipperbang what it is, a successful comedy play written for television. The scene in question is the brilliant pontoon game parody staged in the boys lavatory. Alans half participation in the game, explaining the days earlier events, whilst his friends play with a trance-like attitude is entertaining on its own. As the scene goes on, Alan grows more impatient with his unimpressed companions. The game continues and his friends, still oblivious to Alans dilemmas and more to the game at hand, and in an ironic twist reveal they have lost patience with him. Sod off Quack-Quack. Youre getting on my nerves! (Turns his cards over) Pontoon. Match null and void. Ungentlemanly play from Quack-Quack. I had bloody pontoon! As Quack-Quack or Alan detaches from his friends, there are no signs of Alan even being present. Pontoon seems to be the popular topic of choice. In my opinion, Ptang, yang, kipperbang offers much more than meets the eye. One of the things I picked up from the play was its employment of comedy to put across certain points, for example, the daily after school pressing sessions. This demonstrates adolescent behaviour in a humorous and nai ve manner. This is a frequent occurrence throughout the play, which proves to be a success. The point made at the end by two workmen on Alans street, which primarily left me in a state of confusion as well as no doubt many others came in the form of the following; Hell be starting shaving next. Then spend the rest of his life trying to stop the bleeding. Although vague, I interpret the comments to be a forecast for later on in Alans life where as the workmen believe, despite his current desire to grow up will lead Alan to long for his days as a schoolboy again. This may be Jack Rosenthals way of presenting the stereotypical old mans clichi. The time you spend in school are the best days of your life.

Baroque Style essays

Baroque Style essays The Baroque Period The Baroque Art began in Italy between the sixteen hundreds and the seventeen hundreds. Classicism of the High Renaissance has been replenished during the Baroque period. During the Baroque period of art, the exploration of the fundamental Jan M. Masoncomponents of the human nature and the realm of senses and emotions were very crucial. The Baroque era was very vast and dynamic, radiant and colorful, dramatic and intense, passionate and ardent, and sensual and overpowered by emotions. The superficial form of light was fascinated during this period due to the thoughts of godlike sun or the truth of the Holy Spirit. The Baroque naturalism maintains the religious themes in content. The elements of perception in the Baroque art are how we perceived the natural human figures are in motion through space, time, and light. We present and analyze the extent of human actions and passions in all its degrees of lightness, darkness, and intensity. Architecture such as the palace of Versailles, and artists like Caravaggio, and Goya symbolize these ideas. The palace of Versailles is a grand building outside of Paris, which exhibits the characteristics of the Baroque style. It was elaborately decorated and the final product took 20 years to create. The fence is covered with a sheet of gold; every room is filled with intricate carvings and elegant figurines. Each room reflects a certain time or king by the change in furniture and style. These rooms demonstrate this with items such as back-less chairs, which were created to accommodate the clothes of the period. The materials used to create each piece also distinguish the time period. First generation furniture was made of sterling silver, and the upholstery was changed with the seasons. Second generation furniture was very elaborate and made of wood. Versailles is a perfect example of progression in Western art. The entire house displays the transition ...

Reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaction paper - Essay Example Then there is also evidence and the credibility of those who tell an account. What is apparent is that in history there is oftentimes a victor and a villain and the revisionists’ role is to shed light on the facts buried in all other propaganda. The role of the reader now becomes to judge for himself what he should believe in. This is the very nature of the two accounts of what happened in World War II and even World War I by Benjamin Freedman and Dr. Frederick Toben. From the introduction of Freedman before his speech, he was introduced as a former Jew. He was an insider and a friend of Jews before he converted into Christianity. This leads the listener into curiosity of why he would leave his religion by birth for another, especially when you have the opportunity of having belonged to the Jewish community which is almost impenetrable. The reason, it goes, is his outrage of Zionists who manipulate for their gain. Freedman starts by the presentation of the etymology of Judea a s biblical place mentioned in the Bible. It is referred to as a province of Rome and from this stemmed out the term Jews who dispersed throughout the world and found their presence in Europe. The Jews have since then taken over a large enterprise of tremendously profitable businesses.

Managing Change at The Co-operative Group Assignment

Managing Change at The Co-operative Group - Assignment Example The market share of the company is about 4.2 percent which is not high at all in comparison to its competitors but one good thing about the company is that it is certainly a market leader when it come to top up food shopping and it is due to the convenience which is offered by the store. Company being a food retail chain, certainly has an ethical business, with various strengths and also weakness which provides a margin for company to improve. There are few set values and also set of principles according to which the company operates and works. The major standards linked with the business mandate being the openness to democracy, social responsibility and also caring along with equality for others. They believe in converting these believes practically within the market place. The major pillars of the business being issues linked with ethical trade and fair trade. The company is also dependent on other important principles about training and information, concern for the community along with co operation between co operatives and training (KLINEDINST, M., & KALMI, P. 2009). There are some very important areas of concern for the co operative food retail which include the presence of â€Å"top up† shopping market segment along with the small store size. There are some very important areas which needs to be improved like restricted shelf space for the ethical lines of produce along with the customer base or the demographic profile of the people who are not willing to pay premium prices for the high welfare and organic foods which are produced. This thing can be improved by developing better marketing techniques for top up segment and market base along with focusing on the convenience factor more and making it their unique selling point. Great amount of marketing efforts can prove to play a vital role in increasing sales of the top up retail sector which is facing problems (BENNIS, W. G. 2000).   It is not always about the policies being practically set up , the company needs to work extremely hard in improving their supplier relationships which are not very great. The major problem which can be solved is improving the local procurement of the food. The company stresses a lot on their social responsibility and the role played by them which totally helps their consumer membership but they tend to ignore their supply chain management which is a very important and a crucial thing in today’s world. The competition is so high and large that no company can take a sensible risk of ignoring their supply chain which can indeed help them increase their profits by cutting costs. The efficiency of the company can increase if the supply chain is managed properly and the company is able to have good relationships with their suppliers. The Company can also improve their functions by focusing on the staff training and environmental reporting. All the environmental concerns need to be analyzed and reported on time. The company should make sure th at proper training is provided to the senior management about the importance of environmental issues and the impact they can have on them. The training should be linked with practices and policies which need to be set up. There should be proper and specific training given to the store based personnel regarding the environmental awareness and different mediums can be used in order to perform this task which includes using staff information posters and